Pengertian
Causative Verbs
Causative verbs adalah kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa subject
tidak bertanggungjawab langsung terhadap aksi yang terjadi melainkan seseorang
atau sesuatu yang lain yang melakukan aksi tersebut.
Fungsi
& Rumus Causative Verbs
- Kalimat causative verbs terbagi menjadi 2 macam, yaitu active dan passive. Pada kalimat active causative verbs, agent yang mengerjakan aksi diketahui. Sebaliknya, pada kalimat passive causative verbs, agent biasanya tidak disebutkan.
- Let, make, have, & get merupakan causative verbs yang umum digunakan, ada yang menggunakan action verb berupa bare infinitive/infinitive without to dan ada pula yang to infinitive.
Adapun fungsi dan rumus secara umum
sebagai berikut.
Verb
|
Fungsi
|
Rumus
Active & Passive Causative
|
Let
|
membiarkan seseorang melakukan
sesuatu.
|
Active:
S+let+agent+action verb(bare infinitive)+… |
Make
|
memaksa atau sangat menyakinkan
seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu.
|
Active:
S+(make-made)+agent+action verb(bare infinitive)+… |
Have
|
memberikan wewenang kepada
seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu;
ingin sesuatu dilakukan oleh seseorang; pengalaman. |
Active:
S+(have-had)+agent+action verb(bare infinitive)+object |
Passive:
S+(have-had)+object+action verb(V-3) |
||
Get
|
membujuk seseorang untuk melakukan
sesuatu.
|
Active:
S+(get-got)+agent+action verb(to infinitive)+… |
Passive:
S+(got)+object+action verb(V-3) |
Contoh
Causative Verbs: Active & Passive
Beberapa contoh causative verbs
pada struktur active maupun passive adalah sebagai berikut.
Rumus
|
Verbs
|
Contoh
Causative Verbs
|
Active Causative Verbs
|
have-had
|
Lala had her friend take
her result test.
|
The student had the
teacher speak slowly.
|
||
get-got
|
She got her parents to
buy her a tennis racket.
|
|
The boy got his cat to
chase a mouse.
|
||
make-made
|
The woman made her daughter
eat up the tomatoes.
|
|
The manager makes her staff
work hard.
|
||
Let
|
My father lets me choose
my own future carrier.
|
|
The shepherd lets his sheep
graze in the meadow.
|
||
Passive Causative Verbs
|
have-had
|
I had my house renovated
last week.
|
He had his book returned
as soon as possible.
|
||
get-got
|
Teddy got the
money saved in the bank.
|
|
Yulia got her bedroom cleaned.
|
Causative verbs
5). Is it true that many years ago he ______ (His
portrait/paint) by famous artist.
Answer: Is it true that many years ago he had his portrait
painted by famous artist.
Pengertian Noun Clause
- Noun Clause adalah dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai noun (kata benda).
- Klausa kata benda ini dapat berfungsi sebagai subject maupun object didalam suatu clause atau phrase lain.
- Karena berfungsi sebagai kata benda, maka dapat digantikan dengan pronoun “it“.
Contoh:
- I forgot the fact. (noun)
- I forgot it. (pronoun)
- I forgot that the fact was very important. (noun clause)
Rumus Noun Clause
Noun clause dapat diawali oleh noun clause markers berupa question word, if atau whether, dan that. Adapun contoh noun clause pada clause lain beserta detail marker-nya dapat dilihat pada tabel sebagai berikut.
Marker
|
Detail
|
Contoh Noun
Clause dalam Kalimat
|
Question Word
|
Question word:
what(ever), what (time, kind, day, etc), who(ever), whose, whom(ever), which(ever), where(ever), when(ever), how (long, far, many times, old, etc) |
The class listened carefully what the teacher instructed.
(Seluruh kelas mendengarkan dengan teliti apa yang guru instruksikan.) |
The kitten followed wherever the woman went.
(Anak kucing mengikuti kemanapun wanita itu pergi.) |
||
Many people imagine how many time the man was
failed before success.
(Banyak orang membayangkan berapa kali pria itu gagal sebelum sukses.) |
||
if
atau whether
|
biasanya digunakan untuk kalimat jawaban dari pertanyaan yes-no question
|
Where does Andy live?
(Dimana Andy tinggal?)I wonder if he lives in West Jakarta. (Saya pikir dia tinggal di Jakarta Barat.) |
Is Andy live on Dewi Sartika Street?
(Apakah Andy tinggal di jalan Dewi Sartika?)I don’t know if he live on Dewi Sartika Street or not.
atau
I don’t know whether or not he lives on Dewi Sartika street.(Saya tidak tahu jika dia tinggal di jalan Sartika atau tidak.) |
||
That
|
biasanya that-clause
untuk mental activity. Berikut daftar verb
pada main clause yang biasanya diikuti
that-clause:assume, believe,
discover, dream, guess, hear, hope, know, learn, notice, predict, prove,
realize, suppose, suspect, think
|
I think that the group will arrive
in an hour.
(Saya pikir rombongan itu akan tiba dalam satu jam.) |
Many people proved that the man was a big liar.
(Banyak orang membuktikan bahwa pria itu pembohong besar.) |
Fungsi Noun Clause
Berikut adalah contoh kalimat dari setiap fungsi noun clause.
Fungsi
|
Contoh Noun
Clause dalam Kalimat
|
Subject of a Verb
|
What she cooked
was delicious.
|
That today is his birthday
is not right.
|
|
Subject complement
|
The fact is that she is smart and
dilligent.
|
A teacher must be whoever is patient.
|
|
Object of a Verb
|
Diana believes that her life will be
happier.
|
I want to know how Einstein thought.
|
|
Object of a preposition
|
The girl comes from where many people there
live in poverty.
|
He will attend the party with whichever fits to his bod
|
Non clause
9). (why did they leave the country ?) ______ is a secret.
Answer: Why they did leave the country is a secret.
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